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BASICS ON BUDDHISM

Who is Buddha?

Born into a royal family of a highly developed culture about 2560 years ago, the young prince from northern India enjoyed extremely privileged circumstances and up until the age of 29 he had known only pleasure. Leaving his palace for the first time, his world was turned upside down. Over three consecutive days he saw a very sick person, somebody old and someone who had died. Upon his recognition of the inevitability of old age, sickness, death and the impermanence of everything, he became deeply troubled. Leaving his home and family he wandered the country in search of teachings that could overcome death and suffering. At the age of 35, after six years of deep meditation, he realized the true nature of mind and was enlightened. He therefore became a Buddha, the one awakened from the sleep of ignorance. The Buddha now experienced the world as it is, without adding or removing anything. With neither expectations nor fear but was simply present and aware of the here and now. He experienced mind as something open, clear and limitless and could therefore handle any situation with fearless joy and active compassion. He then spent the remaining 45 years of his life teaching others so that they could do the same.

The Buddha never claimed to be anything other than a human being. Even though he had insight into the life situations of all beings and knew how to help each person individually, he (or his followers) never proclaimed himself to be a god, a savior or a prophet.

The Buddha was the first, but not the last – enlightened being of our age. The only difference between the Buddha and anyone else is that the Buddha realized his potential. This is something anyone can do just as well.

What is Buddhism?

The teaching of the Buddha – also known as Buddhism – is an unsentimental and unpretentious way to freedom and happiness. First and foremost it builds upon experience. Buddhism is not packed with dogma and rules that you are required to follow, but encourages critical questioning. The teachings of the Buddha begin by recognizing life as it is.

Now, don't believe my words because a Buddha told you, but examine them well. Be a light unto yourselves.
- Buddha

The Buddha taught because he wanted his students to experience the same freedom and happiness that he himself experienced. He did not ask for worship from any student but strove to develop him or her into his equal. In this way Buddhism is not a religion in the ordinary sense, and is in its foundation free from the concept of any outer force presiding over the world of men. Buddhism’s path to freedom and happiness has been practiced throughout the past 2,500 years. Since the time of the Buddha many have realized the nature of mind, and today Buddhist methods are just as effective in the West as they have been in the East. Buddha's teachings aim at the full development and freedom of body, speech and mind. The goal of the Buddhist is to recognize the nature of mind – to become a Buddha. The practice consists of calming the mind and then training one to transcend the idea of a fixed and unchanging sense of ‘I’ or ego.

Buddhism has about 350 million practitioners worldwide. Until 1970s Buddhism was mainly an Asian philosophy but the timeless view of the Diamond Way and its methods is appealing to a growing number of well educated and independent people in North and South America, United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Russia.

Are there different types of Buddhism?

Buddha gave instructions to three main types of people; Small Way or Hinayana to those who wanted to avoid suffering received information about cause and effect. Great Way or Mahayana to those who wanted to do more for others, were given instructions on compassion and wisdom. Diamond Way or Vajrayana to his closest students he shared the highest view of mind called the Great Seal or Mahamudra.

What is Meditation?

Meditation is often used as a common term for a number of techniques originating from the Far East. Although individual meditations may seem similar their contents can be quite different. Meditation is a tool for working with mind. How a meditation works depends on what you wish to achieve. Buddhist meditation has only one purpose: to recognize the nature of mind.

I have shopwn you the methods that lead to liberation, but you must know that liberation depends upon yourselves.
- Buddha

By meditating every day you train your mind to not follow the thoughts and feelings that ceaselessly come and go. In this way you calm your mind, and you may start turning mind’s awareness towards its own radiating power. When you approach mind through its power, you meditate on light forms and then work with the energy channels and energy wheels of the body. This form of meditation is very powerful and results in quick development.

Daily meditation is about developing a good habit: just as naturally as you take a shower to keep your body clean, you meditate to keep your mind clear and attentive. Through daily meditation sessions you gain greater freedom to act beneficially in life’s various situations, permitting the wise to choose roles in the comedies of life and avoid its tragedies.

In the long run Buddhist meditation fundamentally alters your way of experiencing yourself and the world. Therefore it is important to have a teacher who can guide you. Meditation cannot be learned from a book or CD.

Learning to Meditate

Anyone can learn to meditate - it is only a question of practice. Diamond Way centres and groups offer regularly evenings of meditation where anyone is welcome to participate.

Meditation is not a goal in itself but a tool for personal development. Therefore meditation is seldom taught on its own but usually accompanied by knowledge about what one wishes to develop, namely the full potential of mind. This knowledge is passed on at the various evening lectures held at Diamond Way centers and courses held regularly. Learning to meditate is a process that alternates between acquiring knowledge about mind, practicing the specific meditation, and maintaining the achieved insight in everyday life.

Instructions on meditations, such as 16th Karmapa, Loving Eyes, Limitless Light, Ngondro - a series of meditations known as Prostrations, Diamond Mind, Mandala, and Guru Yoga. Furthermore, courses are offered in Conscious Dying (Phowa) as well as guided meditations in Clear Light and Medicine Buddha.

Conscious Dying – Phowa

The goal of the Phowa practice is to learn how to die consciously, and transfer the consciousness at the moment of death to a state of highest bliss. The practice is the last of the Six Yogas (energy teachings) of Naropa, and one of the most profound teachings in Tibetan Buddhism. Lama Ole Nydahl is one of the few Buddhist lamas empowered to teach the Phowa practice. He received the transmission of the Phowa teachings from Tibetan Lamas and is today the most significant teacher of this practice in the Western world. Since 1987, he has taught Phowa to over 80,000 people at several hundred meditation courses around the world.

What is Karma - Cause and Effect?

From a Buddhist point of view Karma does not mean fate or destiny, but may be translated as action or cause and effect. Roughly speaking, Karma works like this: Every activity - positive or negative - leaves imprints on mind. As mind's content determines how the world is experienced, negative impressions will inevitably lead to future pain. This means that our thoughts, speech and actions sow the seeds for our future experience. It is therefore in our hands to change our lives by understanding this.

Used in the right way the understanding of Karma therefore means freedom. In every situation it gives beings the freedom to decide their future. The Diamond Way offers especially effective methods for removing the impressions of negative, harmful actions from mind. By this we can get rid of what would ripen as difficult states and situations in the future. Through meditation, we can overcome the whole process of cause and effect. However, if we don't choose to work with our mind, we will have no control at all and simply be the victim of our own actions.

Buddhism in Everyday Life

Buddhism is an open offer to anyone who wishes to get to know his or her own mind. What proportion of Buddhist teachings you incorporate into your life depends on how well you understand the teachings and how motivated you are towards realizing them.

It is not required that you meditate a certain amount of hours every day and there is in fact no ‘correct’ way of being a Buddhist. Children, studies, work and active participation in society is no hindrance to Buddhist practices. On the contrary, everyday life is where Buddhist methods are fully put to the test. Lay people participate in life as it is, while both monks/nuns and yogis traditionally live in at least some degree of isolation from society. The reclusive lifestyle offers much peace and quiet for meditation but also means that it is not possible to help others directly. It is a relief for many who meet with Buddhism for the first time that you don’t need to give up your boyfriend/girlfriend or your career or to become a vegetarian to be a good practitioner.

Buddhist Practices

The Buddha encouraged his students never to accept blindly what he himself taught but to consider the relevance of his teachings to their own lives. Only when they could see the relevance of the teachings were they ready to employ their methods. This is still an important process in the Buddhist practices of today.

Openness to the teachings, an independent critical assessment of them, and application of their methods are in Buddhism closely connected: First you listen to the teachings, then you reflect upon them, and finally you are ready to meditate.

In other words: You allow the teachings that you have listened to with your ears and understood with your intellect to sink into your heart in order for these to become an integral part of yourself.

Buddhist practice consists of acquiring knowledge and methods, employing the methods – meditation – and maintaining the achieved level of insight in everyday life. If you follow this path you will automatically feel less and less important and become more and more happy and attentive in everyday life.

The Karma Kagyu School offers lectures and meditations in which anyone is welcome to participate. During the lectures there will be opportunities to ask questions and all lectures about Buddhism are concluded with a meditation session. In this way the school always strives to unify the steps of knowledge, understanding and meditation.

 

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